Liquids leaching through bedding should enter effluent system.Minimum 9m 2/cow for use over extended periods of time eg used for weeks during winter. Provide correct stocking rates and feed space per cow.Aim for the least traffic movements possible between barn and feed storage area.Allow for increased feed bunker area and machinery if increased supplementary feeding.If being used for feeding part, or all of feed requirement, as most are, then a separate feed area should be added and a supply management plan required.Roofed structures require structural engineering to take in to account wind, snowfalls, etc.Consenting is reasonably straight forward so long as leachate captured.Siting in relation to prevailing wind direction and sun to maximise drying of bedding.Location In relation to herd access - close to dairy (milking shed) is convenient but also dependent on location of feed storage areas and intended use of facility.13.7 ± 0.1 mo) moving into the CBP barn for farms using the CBP as primary housing (n = 8). Calving interval decreased from the year before to the second year after (14.3 ± 0.1 vs. 30.7 ± 0.3 kg, respectively) for farms using the CBP barn as the primary housing facility (n = 8). Daily milk production, collected from monthly Dairy Herd Improvement Association tests, increased from before moving into the CBP barn to the second year after (29.3 ± 0.3 vs. 252,859 ± 7,112 cells/mL, respectively) for farms using the CBP barn as the primary housing facility (n = 9). Bulk-tank somatic cell count decreased from the year before to the year after moving into the CBP barn (323,692 ± 7,301 vs. Increased 20.3-cm depth CBP temperature and ambient temperatures improved mean herd hygiene. Increased stirring depth, pasture-adjusted space per cow, and drying rate decreased CBP moisture. Increased stirring frequency, stirring depth, and ambient temperature increased pack temperature, measured at 20.3 cm below the CBP surface. The most-frequently cited benefits of the CBP included cow comfort (n = 28), cow cleanliness (n = 14), and the low-maintenance nature of the system (n = 10). These barns allow natural resting positions and offer shelter with a reduced infrastructure cost compared to traditional freestall barns. Green shavings required 0.07 ± 0.06 m 3 of bedding per cow per day (n = 12). Compost bedded pack (CBP) barns are an increasingly popular open barn design for housing dairy cattle, particularly with funding opportunities available through the California Department of Food and Agriculture's Alternative Manure Management Program. Kiln-dried shavings required 0.05 ± 0.04 m 3 of bedding per cow per day (n = 15).
Barns constructed without an attached feed alley cost $493 ± 196 per cow (n = 13). Barns constructed with an attached feed alley cost $1,051 ± 407 per cow (n = 40). Producers provided 9.0 ± 2.2 m 2 of pack space per cow (n = 44). The GLM procedure of SAS (SAS 9.3) was used to develop models to describe CBP moisture, CBP temperature at 20.3 cm, and mean herd hygiene. The LPCV dairy barn is designed on the concept that an 8-row wide dairy barn takes up less space and can be better ventilated than two 4-row, naturally ventilated dairy barns located side by side. Changes in monthly Dairy Herd Improvement Association performance records, including milk production, SCC, reproductive performance, and daily bulk-tank somatic cell count after moving into the CBP were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS 9.3 SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). The low-profile cross-ventilated (LPCV) or wide-body dairy barn is a new design of dairy barn that has become popular in the Midwest region of the U.S. A random selection of cows housed solely in the CBP were scored for locomotion and hygiene. Farms were visited between October 2010 and March 2011. The key component of a CBP dairy barn is a large, open resting area generally bedded with sawdust or dry, fine wood shavings that is tilled to support aerobic composting. The objective of the research was to characterize herd performance, producer satisfaction and recommendations, and management practices used by compost bedded pack (CBP) managers in Kentucky (42 farms and 47 CBP facilities). In the U.S., the first compost bedded loose housing (CBP) dairy barns were developed by Virginia dairy producers in the 1980’s to increase cow comfort and longevity.
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